Geol578 Advanced Geochemistry of Natural Waters University of Idaho - College of Sciences
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Lesson 1: BRIEF REVIEW OF THERMODYNAMIC PRINCIPLES Jan 9-11

1.1 BRIEF REVIEW OF THERMODYNAMIC PRINCIPLES
Due 1/11
Lesson 1.1 Lecture
Due 1/11
Lesson 1.1 Quiz
Due 1/18 Lesson 1.1 Problem Set

Important: Read the introductory information on the Lesson 1 page carefully before proceeding with the course material.
 



 

LESSON 1 GOALS
The goal of this lesson is to briefly review some of the important principles of thermodynamics that will be required in the course. These include the concepts of chemical equilibrium, activity and the equilibrium constant.
Lesson 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF ACID-BASE CHEMISTRY Jan 11 - Feb 1

2.1 Fundamental Concepts and Definitions
Due 1/11 Lesson 2.1 Lecture
Due 1/11
Lesson 2.1 Quiz

2.2 Activity Scales, pH and Activity Coefficients
Due 1/14
Lesson 2.2 Lecture
Due 1/14
Lesson 2.2 Quiz

2.3 Numerical Equilibrium Calculations
Due 1/14
Lesson 2.3A Lecture
Due 1/18
Lesson 2.3B Lecture
Due 1/23
Lesson 2.3 Problem Set

2.4 Graphical Representation of Acid-Base Equilibria
Due 1/18
Lesson 2.4A Lecture
Due 1/23 Lesson 2.4B Lecture
Due 1/25 2.4 Quiz
Due 1/28
Lesson 2.4 Problem Set

2.5 Acid-Base Titrations and pH Buffers
Due 1/25
Lesson 2.5A Lecture
Due 1/28 Lessons 2.5B,2.5C Lecture
Due 2/4
Lesson 2.5 Problem Set

2.6 Acid-Neutralizing Capacity/Base-Neutralizing Capacity
Due 2/1
Lesson 2.6 Lecture
Due 2/8
Lesson 2.6 Problem Set
 

LESSON 2 GOALS
The goals of this lesson are to introduce you to fundamental concepts in acid-base chemistry, and to teach you how to carry out numerical calculations and construct graphical representations involving equilibria among acids and bases. The theory of acid-base titrations will be discussed in detail. Finally, you will learn about buffering capacity (intensity), acid neutralizing capacity and base neutralizing capacity, and the relevance of these parameters to control of pH in natural waters.
Lesson 3: THE CARBONATE SYSTEM Feb 4-15

3.1 Carbonate in Closed Systems
Due 2/4 Lesson 3.1 Lecture

3.2 Carbonate in Open Systems

Due 2/8 Lesson 3.2 Lecture

3.3 Alkalinity and Acidity in Carbonate Systems
Due 2/11 Lesson 3.3 Lecture
Due 2/15 Lesson 3.3 Problem Set

3.4 Conservative Properties and Capacity Diagrams
Due 2/15
Lesson 3.4 Lecture
Due 2/22 Lesson 3.4 Problem Set
 

LESSON 3 GOALS
In this lesson, the carbonate system will be discussed in detail as it applies to natural waters. You will become familiar with the various equilibria that govern the behavior of carbon dioxide, bicarbonate and carbonate in natural waters. The concepts of alkalinity and acidity will be introduced. Capacity diagrams and calculations will be employed to understand the consequences of mixing of two or more waters for the pH of natural waters.
Lesson 4: PRECIPITATION AND DISSOLUTION Feb 18 - Apr 4 

4.1 The Solubility Product, Saturation Index, and the Solubility of Simple Salts
Due 2/19 Lesson 4.1 Lecture
Due 2/21
Lesson 4.1 Quiz
Due 2/27 Lesson 4.1 Problem Set

4.2 Geochemical Divides and the Common-Ion Effect
Due 2/22 Lesson 4.2 Lecture
Due 3/3 Lesson 4.2 Problem Set

4.3 Solubility of Oxides and Hydroxides
Due 2/25
Lesson 4.3 Lecture

Due 3/7 Lesson 4.3 Problem Set

4.4 Solubility of Carbonate Minerals
Due 2/29
Lesson 4.4A Lecture
Due 3/3 Lesson 4.4B Lecture
Due 3/7 Lesson 4.4C Lecture

Due 3/19 Lesson 4.4 Problem Set

Due 3/7 Take-home mid-term exam covering all material from Lesson 1.1 to Lesson 3.4, inclusive.

4.5 Carbonate Solubility and Mixing/Buffer Intensity in the Presence of Carbonates
Due 3/19 Lesson 4.5 Lecture
Due 3/31
Lesson 4.5 Problem Set

4.6 Predominance Diagrams
Due 3/24
Lesson 4.6A Lecture

Due 3/28 Lesson 4.6B Lecture
Due 4/4 Lesson 4.6 Problem Set

4.7 The Solubility of Dolomite, Sulfides and Phosphates
Due 3/31
Lesson 4.7 Lecture

Due 4/12 Lesson 4.7 Problem Set

4.8 Solubility of Minerals Exhibiting Solid Solution
Due 4/5
Lesson 4.8 Lecture
Due 4/17
Lesson 4.8 Problem Set
 

LESSON 4 GOALS
You should gain an understanding of the thermodynamics of mineral solubility and how mineral solubility can control the concentrations of components in natural waters. You should be able to carry out a number of calculations of the solubility of minerals under a variety of conditions.
Lesson 5: AQUEOUS COMPLEXES  (COORDINATION CHEMISTRY) Apr 7-21

5.1 Definitions and General Concepts
Due 4/7 Lesson 5.1 Lecture
Due 4/10
Lesson 5.1 Quiz

5.2 Hydrolysis

Due 4/14 Lesson 5.2 Lecture
Due 4/16
Lesson 5.2 Quiz
Due 4/18 Lesson 5.2 Problem Set

5.3 Theoretical Concepts of Complexation
Due 4/16
Lesson 5.3 Lecture

Due 4/17
Lesson 5.3 Quiz

5.4 The Effect of Complexation on Sulfide Mineral Solubility

Due 4/18
Lesson 5.4 Lecture
Due 4/25 Lesson 5.4 Problem Set

5.5 The Chelate Effect and Metal-Ion Buffers
Due 4/21 Lesson 5.5 Lecture
Due 4/30 Lesson 5.5 Problem Set

5.6 Mixed-Ligand Complexes and Competition Among Metal Ions for Ligands
Due 4/23
Lesson 5.6 Lecture
 

LESSON 5 GOALS
The goal of this lesson is to demonstrate the importance of the formation of aqueous complexes of metal ions to the solubility of minerals.
Lesson 6: OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTIONS Apr 26 - May 2

6.1 Definitions, Assigning Valences and Balancing Redox Reactions
Due 4/25 Lesson 6.1 Lecture
Due 4/2
8 Lesson 6.1 Quiz
Due 5/2 Lesson 6.1 Problem Set

6.2 Electromotive Force, the Standard Hydrogen Electrode and the Nernst Equation
Due 4/28
Lesson 6.2 Lecture
Due 5/2 Lesson 6.2 Problem Set

6.3 Eh-pH (pe-pH) Diagrams
Due 4/30
Lesson 6.3A Lecture
Due 5/2 Lesson 6.3B Lecture
 

LESSON 6 GOALS
The goal of this lesson is to understand the thermodynamics of  oxidation-reduction reactions, i.e., those reactions involving transfer of electrons.